Friday, 5 September 2014

Discworld: Books 1 to 4, by Terry Pratchett



I will confess here and now that I am a Discworld fan. In fact, I reckon it's because of Terry Pratchett that I nowadays have such a fervent love of reading. Most youngsters probably start their love of reading with things like Harry Potter or those dreadful Twilight things, but not for me – my formative reading-years were monopolised by these tales from a flat world where magic is a daily inconvenience, the river is polluted enough to walk on, wizards are bumbling academics, and Death shows up in person when life has reached its sudden and unexpected conclusion. 

          It is unnecessary for me to expound on just how popular a writer Pratchett has become – all I need to do is work out why. My new long-term task is to re-read each and every one of the Discworld series in order, put that in my toaster and see what pops up steaming. Because there are about forty of the things, it would be unrealistic of me of to read each of them before writing a review, or to write a separate review for each one, so I shall do it in stages – books 1 to 4 now, and we’ll see how I feel after that.

          For those who are new to Discworld, know nothing about it or who think of it simply as a hackneyed piece of Comic Fantasy that has thus far refused to die, here is a short explanation: the term Comic Fantasy does not do it justice. While it began as such, the setting of the Discworld itself proved to be a whole lot more interesting than that of most Fantasy pieces that take themselves seriously – a world completely flat, held upon the shoulders of four continent-sized elephants who in turn stand on the shell of a gigantic turtle, swimming forever through space. The sun is a small ball of light which orbits the world, thus creating night and day, and at the centre of the Disc is the hub, where a towering mountain rises above the Disc, and upon which live the Disc’s irritable gods. But that’s just the world; in essence it’s a joke about primitive ideas on the structure of the universe, where the world really is flat, where the sun really does go round the planet, and where there really are gods at the top of the tallest mountain playing games with the lives of men. Pratchett uses these simple concepts to poke fun at our own world, by taking ideas and stories from our past and setting them on his creation, then examining them under a magnifying glass as they play out how he would expect real, screwed up cynical people to be. Naturally he starts off with the Fantasy genre, showing what Conan the Barbarian is really made of by aging him over half a century and making him toothless, and showing what wizards are by making one useless at magic and giving him a particularly rational form of cowardice. But it spirals out from there; what would a university of magic be like if it was actually put under the charge of old bumbling academics? And what would a city be like if it actually regulated its own crime levels by legalising them? Let’s go and see what happens when we go, in order, through this impressive body of work and see what’s what.
         
The Colour of Magic
The first novel in the venerable Discworld series, The Colour of Magic is actually one of my least favourite of all of them. An all-round fairly good introduction to the world itself, unfortunately it lacks in the character and even the humour that mark Pratchett’s later instalments, and in terms of a story there is none really to be found. Yet it is not an unpleasant experience to read; after all, this is still a Discworld book, and the germ of many future ideas can be clearly seen throughout the length and breadth of the tale.
          The premise is this: the city of Ankh-Morpork is witness to an unprecedented event – the arrival of the Disc’s first tourist. A jolly and naïve young man named Twoflower, sporting a loud shirt, a book that tells him what to say, a homicidal luggage on legs, and more gold than Ankh-Morpork has ever seen in its long history, is eager to live his dreams by seeing the city, completely oblivious that it is nothing more than the proverbial ‘Wretched Hive of Scum and Villainy’. He quickly runs into Rincewind the failed magician, recently thrown out of the Unseen University for his ineptitude, and after taking him on as a guide they wind up on a journey across the Disc, running across Conan-esque heroes, Lovecraftian HorrorTM, a kingdom of imaginary dragons in an upside-down mountain, and the edge of the world itself.
          It is not one whole story, but four quite distinct novelettes strung together. The only thing that actually ties it together is that Rincewind and Twoflower are on this journey together; but as to why they’re on the journey I can’t really work out. Yes, Ankh-Morpork gets burned down – which prompts them to leave it I suppose – and Rincewind was dragooned into keeping Twoflower alive, but all it seems to be is that they get lost, wind up in a temple of Lovecraftian HorrorTM in the company of an obvious Conan the Barbarian parody, with whom they accompany as far as an area of unstable magical energy that allows dragons to pop into existence only if you believe in them strongly enough, and then they get washed up at the island nation of Krull that literally overlooks the edge of the world. As a tour of the Disc, it is relatively good, and Twoflower certainly enjoys it despite the number of times his life is put in jeopardy, but as a story it is somewhat lacking. It is enjoyable to see how Twoflower’s mere arrival sets off a chain of events that leads to Ankh Morpork’s conflagration at the end of the following day, but one can’t help but feel that the book has used up most of its energy for this initial third of its total length.
          But whereas the story is virtually non-existent, the two main characters are good enough to keep the reader hooked for the rest of it. Rincewind is the very opposite of a Fantasy genre hero; cowardly, bitter, sceptical, packed with disdain, and he doesn’t even have any great respect for Twoflower, the man who’s life he’s ended up trying to protect. His one real talent in life is running away, but also knowing when to run away which is perhaps even more important than the act itself. Rincewind has a genuine fear of heights, and for some reason, an irony which is not lost on him, he spends the second of half of the book dangling for his life over some sheer drop or other.  Twoflower on the other hand is virtually the opposite of his cowardly guide; curious about the world, full of wonder about everything he encounters (even if the things he encounters are obviously about to kill him), and able to see his surroundings through rose-tinted spectacles – even if those surroundings are the squalid, crime-ridden streets of Ankh-Morpork. He seems completely oblivious to the chaos that’s happening around him, the chaos that he has unintentionally caused, and the prospect of being involved in a bar-brawl is not, as Rincewind imagines, a reason to run for your life screaming, but is in fact something to write home about with barely-contained excitement, and to take a snapshot of with your grinning face in the middle of the picture.
The other characters are fairly disposable, the various thieves, heroes, villains and whatnots, but two supporting characters are worthy of note. The Luggage is a truly wonderful thing, a chest on many walking feet that will follow its owner to the ends of the earth, has storage room for everything you could ever want to take with you, and will occasionally eat people if they get too nosy. Aside from being a rather clever joke about a traveller’s luggage, which seems to move about on its own, gets lost yet somehow inexplicably finding its way back to you in the end, it brings an edge of weirdness to the story that makes it genuinely worth reading. The character of Death meanwhile is one of the most iconic things about the whole Discworld series; the literal personification of the end of life, skeletal, dressed in black robe, carrying a scythe, and whose dialogue is ALWAYS WRITTEN IN CAPTIALS, Death is a character who makes a token appearance in nearly every subsequent book whenever somebody is about to die (or has just died). Alas the first appearance of this beloved character is lacking in the refinement of later Discworld novels, seeming hungry and mildly villainous rather than, as he should rightfully be, possessed of a dry, gallows humour, and even a little poignancy, while he experiences the world of humanity through the eyes of an immortal outsider.
So all in all, The Colour of Magic is a fairly disposable piece of unashamed Comic Fantasy, showing a few neat ideas while taking easy shots at the Sword & Sorcery works of Robert E. Howard and the horror works of H.P. Lovecraft. It will be fascinating to see the upwards evolution of the series from this, admittedly, rather flimsy base line.

The Light Fantastic
One of the things that Discworld can be credited on is the way that they are never left on a cliff-hanger ending. Pratchett has the ability to tell a whole story in the space of one novel, and does not need to delay the conclusion in a weak-fisted attempt to make people come back for more; okay, so just about every one of them is a sequel of one sort or another, but that’s more a case of reusing characters in different stories rather than, as I hate, dragging out a story over two or more books. The only point where this rule does not come into play is with the first two Discworld novels.
          Although this is not quite the case. The Colour of Magic did not have a cliff-hanger ending any more than it had an actual plot – Rincewind and Twoflower simply go over the edge of the Disc, and that’s that. They could quite easily die, and no more Discworld stories would have been necessary. What The Light Fantastic does is to rescue these characters from certain death and to use what was just a senselessly hanging character thread – Rincewind’s Eighth Spell – and turn it not only into a coherent plot that not only stays at the centre of the novel but actually makes it a good 'un. It’s like its predecessor, but it actually has a story to tell, and a fairly decent one at that. Great A ‘Tuin, the star turtle on whose back the Disc rests, appears to be on a collision course with a gigantic red sun. The wizards of the Unseen University are aware that the only way to prevent this is to reclaim the Eighth Spell of the Octavo, last seen in the head of the failed student Rincewind, whom they expelled for that very reason, and so they must try everything in their power to track him down and bring him back to the University before the Disc hits the star. Rincewind meanwhile, still in the company of the Disc’s first tourist Twoflower, has mysteriously wound up back on the surface of the world and must survive the various perils they attract long enough to work out what the hell’s going on.
          The Light Fantastic not only manages to sort out the various problems left over from the first book, but it also has a great deal more fun doing so. Pratchett’s comedic talents emerge from underneath the rock they were skulking under, and the result is, in my opinion, the first proper Discworld book – The Colour of Magic becoming merely a prequel, and not a particularly good one at that. Death is a decent character now, Rincewind and Twoflower’s misbegotten friendship is well on form, the Luggage is magnificent as always, and we get our first glimpse of the wizards of the Unseen University. Also, rather than simply being a Comic-Fantasy novel, one of the many weapons in The Light Fantastic’s arsenal is its ability to actually criticize the Fantasy genre – particularly in the Sword-and-Sorcery vein – rather than merely parody it. Cohen the Barbarian is a welcome addition to the character roster – unlike Hrun the Barbarian in the previous instalment, who was little more than a ‘point-and-laugh’ at the well-known Conan archetype, Cohen actually turns the very concept of a barbarian super-hero on its head by showing what happens when one of them reaches the ripe old age of eighty-seven. Of the other excellent additions is the new-found sense of humour in the character of Death, who is seen struggling to get to grips with a complicated new card game, and who impatiently overturns the pretentious mysticism of the wizards by berating them for having dragged him out of a party.
          This is a much better book than its predecessor. Taken together, the first two books are an adequate introduction to the Discworld series; The Colour of Magic gives us the world itself and a couple of good characters, but The Light Fantastic is what welds it into the unique comic formula that will sustain the rest of the series. The humour is excellent, and the story keeps it all ticking over nicely; and we see the introduction of another of Pratchett’s recurring characters, the Librarian - an Unseen University wizard who is accidentally turned into an orangutan, but finds he prefers that state a lot more than being turned back into a human. It is impossible not to love an orangutan Librarian.

Equal Rites
The little known third book in the series, and small wonder; it seems to be one of Pratchett’s weaker works, light on the humour, heavy on the pseudo-mechanics, and of a much more serious cast. It also stars a completely new set of characters from the first two books – Granny Weatherwax, a witch of the Ramtop mountains, and the young girl Esk, who by inheritance has ended up as the Disc’s first female wizard. After attempting to tutor Esk in witchcraft, a more practical style of magic that is deeply grounded in what she calls Headology (like psychology, but with fewer bells attached), and is in every way the opposite of the word-based and power-obsessed magic of wizardry, Granny Weatherwax decides to take her to Ankh-Morpork to enrol in the Unseen University, in spite of the prejudices of the wizards themselves.
          The humour in this book is sparse, and for the first sixty pages there’s very little to make one laugh or smile. Nevertheless, Pratchett’s clear and engrossing style of writing draws us in to the story of Esk’s childhood and her apprenticeship to Granny, and Granny’s Headology and her ability to ‘borrow’ the minds of living creatures makes an interesting set-up for the rest of the book. It then improves a bit once we’ve actually left the cottage behind for the journey to the city of Ankh-Morpork, though the scenes in the Unseen University itself and the resurfacing of the ‘Dungeon Dimension’ creatures, seen before in The Light Fantastic, are a bit wishy-washy and difficult to follow, leading to a bit of a hurried anticlimax. It must be said that the rapport that springs up between Granny and the Arch-chancellor towards the end is definitely worthwhile, giving the book just about enough life to get to the end, and Pratchett does have the ability to turn his comedic creation to talk about pertinent and serious issues, unlike Douglas Adams whose similar attempts ended in complete failure. Altogether though this is not one of the strongest  Discworlds, but Granny Weatherwax’s time will come again, when she gets her own supporting cast and setting in book 6: Wyrd Sisters, a much better book if my memory serves me right.

Mort
This could probably be described as one of the most well known of the Discworld books, and it is also one of my favourites. The main character, a young lad called Mort, finds himself apprenticed to none other than Death himself and must learn the trade of someone who presides over the passing of souls from the world of the living to whatever may or may not lie beyond (the technical term for this sort of person is ‘psychopomp’. Now you know something you may not have known before). In the course of the story we learn how Death actually does his job; about his fascination for the human world he can never truly be a part of; about his love of cats, who aside from wizards and witches are the only creatures who can see him as he really is; and about the strange household he maintains for himself. Mort, after joining the rest of Death’s entourage of Albert, the ancient and grease-loving servant, Ysabell, Death’s adopted daughter, and Binky, his horse, accidentally ends up messing with the fabric of reality; only a boy, he finds himself unable to carry out the demise of the young princess Keli. It’s a bid to outmanoeuvre fate, and there’s still the underlying question of it all: why does Death, of all people, suddenly need an apprentice?
The story is a lot better held-together than in Equal Rites, perhaps even better than The Light Fantastic; the humour is in service of this, and the progression and climax of the plot are much more skilfully handled. The comedic aspects of the book are amongst Pratchett’s best, his inventive and playful use of metaphor and his ability to tell a story with a wicked grin keep it romping along well into the main meat of the story, and at some point in the second half it takes on a more finite role while the story, adopting a more serious stance, takes centre-stage in order to resolve itself, featuring some moments of genuine tension. The characters, as always, are a lot more detailed and engrossing than you would expect for a comedy – Mort himself goes through a strange and disturbing character arc, Albert and Ysabell have impressive hidden layers under their initial comedic input, and the wizard Cutwell is a later addition who brings a great deal of fun to the later parts of the book. But the real star of the show is Death himself, who gives to the book much of the life (ahem... unintentional pun) for which it is popular. The juxtaposition of seeing this traditionally terrifying figure mixing with ordinary people – hiring an apprentice, eating curry, going to a party, trying to find a new job – is wonderful, but at the same time quite sad. Death, despite interacting with souls for an eternity, still struggles to fully understand people or why they do the things they do, while his sense of cold morality illuminates a character of considerable depth and compassion – something highlighted all the more when Mort has to do the job himself, and discovers how difficult and odd it really is.
I believe that Mort is one of the most popular Discworld books for good reason. It is an impressive stand-alone tale that displays the some of the best uses of Pratchett’s comedic talents so far, its characters are rich and memorable, and the world of the Disc is arrayed in all its magnificence through the eyes of Death himself. It goes beyond the mere parody and tour-guide feel of the first book, combining the humour of the second with the serious character-driven ideas of the third, to create a genuinely funny book that carries within it a critique of our own attitudes to mortality, morality, and fate.

And as such, I fully recommend the Discworld series. Even the poorer books are worthwhile in their own way, and the rest are pearls, delightful and full of life. Pratchett's sense of satire, mixed with his inventive metaphors and energetic writing treat the reader as an equal, his characters are each and every one of them vibrant and great fun to accompany through this mad, flat world, with its 'rimfall', its Counterweight Continent, its heavy light, its Mended Drum, its orangutan Librarian, its Unseen University, and the largest turtle in all the multiverse. There can be no doubt that this is something great, a cultural icon of our age, hardly like the disposable rubbish that clogs up our book shops; I will very much enjoy re-reading the rest of the series, and hope that you will follow me in this endeavour - or perhaps even beat me to it!

Biblioworld
Pratchett, Terry. The Colour of Magic. Corgi: Reading. (1985 [First Published 1983])
                   The Light Fantastic. Corgi: Reading. (1986)
                   Equal Rites. Corgi: Reading. (1987)
                   Mort. Corgi: Reading. (1988 [First Published 1987])

No comments:

Post a Comment